NAME

  R_RFC2406_3_4_3 - [Responder Test] Sequence Number Verification


TARGET

  End-Node


SYNOPSIS

  R_RFC2406_3_4_3.seq [-tooloption ...] -pkt R_RFC2406_3_4_3.def -tooloption : v6eval tool option
See also ike_common.def and ike_ipsec.def and ike_pkt_ph1_recv.def and ike_pkt_ph2_recv.def


INITIALIZATION


TEST PROCEDURE

  This test check is following.

* PHASE I
Either IDENTITY PROTECTION EXCHANGE or AGGRESSIVE EXCHANGE is performed as a pre sequence.

IDENTITY PROTECTION EXCHANGE
# Initiator(TN) Direction Responder(NUT) (1) HDR; SA ========>
(2) <======== HDR; SA
(3) HDR; KE; NONCE ========>
(4) <======== HDR; KE; NONCE
(5) HDR*; IDii; HASH_I ========>
(6) <======== HDR*; IDir; HASH_R
1. Send the first message from TN In the first message (1), the initiator generates a proposal it considers adequate to protect traffic for the given situation. The Security Association, Proposal, and Transform payloads are included in the Security Association payload (for notation purposes).
2. Receive the second message from NUT In the second message (2), the responder indicates the protection suite it has accepted with the Security Association, Proposal, and Transform payloads.
3. Send the third message from TN In the third (3) message, the initiator send keying material used to arrive at a common shared secret and random information which is used to guarantee liveness and protect against replay attacks.
4. Receive the fourth message from NUT In the fourth (4) message, the responder send keying material used to arrive at a common shared secret and random information which is used to guarantee liveness and protect against replay attacks.
5. Send the fifth message from TN In the fifth (5) message, the initiator send identification information and the results of the agreed upon authentication function(hash function).
6. Receive the sixth message from NUT In the sixth (6) message, the responder send identification information and the results of the agreed upon authentication function(hash function).

AGGRESSIVE EXCHANGE
# Initiator(TN) Direction Responder(NUT) NOTE (1) HDR; SA; KE; => Begin ISAKMP-SA or Proxy negotiation NONCE; IDii and Key Exchange
(2) <= HDR; SA; KE; NONCE; IDir; AUTH Initiator Identity Verified by Responder Key Generated Basic SA agreed upon
(3) HDR*; AUTH => Responder Identity Verified by Initiator SA established
1. Send the first message from TN In the first message (1), the initiator generates a proposal it considers adequate to protect traffic for the given situation. The Security Association, Proposal, and Transform payloads are included in the Security Association payload (for notation purposes). There can be only one Proposal and one Transform offered (i.e. no choices) in order for the aggressive exchange to work. Keying material used to arrive at a common shared secret and random information which is used to guarantee liveness and protect against replay attacks are also transmitted. Random information provided by both parties SHOULD be used by the authentication mechanism to provide shared proof of participation in the exchange. Additionally, the initiator transmits identification information.
2. Recieve the second message from NUT In the second message (2), the responder indicates the protection suite it has accepted with the Security Association, Proposal, and Transform payloads. Keying material used to arrive at a common shared secret and random information which is used to guarantee liveness and protect against replay attacks is also transmitted. Random information provided by both parties SHOULD be used by the authentication mechanism to provide shared proof of participation in the exchange. Additionally, the responder transmits identification information. All of this information is transmitted under the protection of the agreed upon authentication function. Local security policy dictates the action of the responder if no proposed protection suite is accepted. One possible action is the transmission of a Notify payload as part of an Informational Exchange.
3. Send the third message from TN In the third (3) message, the initiator transmits the results of the agreed upon authentication function. This information is transmitted under the protection of the common shared secret. Local security policy dictates the action if an error occurs during these messages. One possible action is the transmission of a Notify payload as part of an Informational Exchange.

* PHASE II
QUICK MODE
# Initiator(TN) Direction Responder(NUT) (1) HDR*, HASH(1), SA, Ni ========>
(2) <======== HDR*, HASH(2), SA, Nr
(3) HDR*, HASH(3) ========>
1. Send the first message from TN In the first message (1), the initiator generates a proposal it considers adequate to protect traffic for the given situation. The Security Association, Proposal, and Transform payloads are included in the Security Association payload (for notation purposes). And initiator send HASH(1) and Nonce. HASH(1) is the prf over the message id (M-ID) from the ISAKMP header concatenated with the entire message that follows the hash including all payload headers, but excluding any padding added for encryption. Nonce is random information which is used to guarantee liveness.
2. Receive the second message from NUT In the second message (2), the responder indicates the protection suite it has accepted with the Security Association, Proposal, and Transform payloads. And responder send HASH(2) and Nonce. HASH(2) is identical to HASH(1) except the initiator's nonce-- Ni, minus the payload header-- is added after M-ID but before the complete message. Nonce is random information which is used to guarantee liveness.
3. Send the third message from TN In the third (3) message, the initiator send HASH(3). HASH(3)-- for liveliness-- is the prf over the value zero represented as a single octet, followed by a concatenation of the message id and the two nonces-- the initiator's followed by the responder's-- minus the payload header.

The test sequence is following.
* IPsec transmission
# Initiator(TN) Direction Responder(NUT) (1) IP_HDR; ESP*; ICMP(Echo request) ========> <------Sequence Number:1
(2) IP_HDR; ESP*; <======== ICMP(Echo reply)
(3) IP_HDR; ESP*; ICMP(Echo request) ========> <------Sequence Number:1(invalid)
(4) IP_HDR; ESP*; X <======== ICMP(Echo reply) <------Must not transmit
Judgement (Check *1)
1. Send the first message from TN In the first message (1), initiator(TN) send Echo request (Sequence Number:1)to responder(NUT) with IPsec SA.
2. Receive the second message from NUT In the second message (2), responder(NUT) send Echo reply to initiator (TN) with IPsec SA.
3. Send the third message from TN In the third message (3), initiator(TN) send Echo request (Sequence Number:1(invalid)) to responder(NUT) with IPsec SA.
4. Receive the second message from NUT In the fourth message (4), responder(NUT) send Echo reply to initiator (TN) with IPsec SA.


JUDGEMENT

        In Phase I , messages must be exchanged correctly.
        In Phase II , the first to the third message must be exchanged correctly,
        In IPsec SA transmission, the third message must not be accepted. 
        And fourth message must not be returned.


TERMINATION

  Clean up SAD and SPD


REFERENCE

  RFC2406
  3.4.3  Sequence Number Verification

All ESP implementations MUST support the anti-replay service, though its use may be enabled or disabled by the receiver on a per-SA basis. This service MUST NOT be enabled unless the authentication service also is enabled for the SA, since otherwise the Sequence Number field has not been integrity protected. (Note that there are no provisions for managing transmitted Sequence Number values among multiple senders directing traffic to a single SA (irrespective of whether the destination address is unicast, broadcast, or multicast). Thus the anti-replay service SHOULD NOT be used in a multi-sender environment that employs a single SA.)
If the receiver does not enable anti-replay for an SA, no inbound checks are performed on the Sequence Number. However, from the perspective of the sender, the default is to assume that anti-replay is enabled at the receiver. To avoid having the sender do unnecessary sequence number monitoring and SA setup (see section 3.3.3), if an SA establishment protocol such as IKE is employed, the receiver SHOULD notify the sender, during SA establishment, if the receiver will not provide anti-replay protection.
If the receiver has enabled the anti-replay service for this SA, the receive packet counter for the SA MUST be initialized to zero when the SA is established. For each received packet, the receiver MUST verify that the packet contains a Sequence Number that does not duplicate the Sequence Number of any other packets received during the life of this SA. This SHOULD be the first ESP check applied to a packet after it has been matched to an SA, to speed rejection of duplicate packets.
Duplicates are rejected through the use of a sliding receive window. (How the window is implemented is a local matter, but the following text describes the functionality that the implementation must exhibit.) A MINIMUM window size of 32 MUST be supported; but a window size of 64 is preferred and SHOULD be employed as the default.
Another window size (larger than the MINIMUM) MAY be chosen by the receiver. (The receiver does NOT notify the sender of the window size.)
The "right" edge of the window represents the highest, validated Sequence Number value received on this SA. Packets that contain Sequence Numbers lower than the "left" edge of the window are rejected. Packets falling within the window are checked against a list of received packets within the window. An efficient means for performing this check, based on the use of a bit mask, is described in the Security Architecture document.
If the received packet falls within the window and is new, or if the packet is to the right of the window, then the receiver proceeds to ICV verification. If the ICV validation fails, the receiver MUST discard the received IP datagram as invalid; this is an auditable event. The audit log entry for this event SHOULD include the SPI value, date/time received, Source Address, Destination Address, the Sequence Number, and (in IPv6) the Flow ID. The receive window is updated only if the ICV verification succeeds.
DISCUSSION:
Note that if the packet is either inside the window and new, or is outside the window on the "right" side, the receiver MUST authenticate the packet before updating the Sequence Number window data.


SEE ALSO

  perldoc V6evalTool
  IKE.html IKE Test Common Utility